Page 66 - FINAT Yearbook 2015

6
74
Note from the editor
Although the 29 FINAT Test Methods described in this publication have been prepared with the utmost care and accuracy, it should be noted that the safety, efficiency and performance of these test methods and associated
p f r r o o m c e t d h u e r i e r s a p i s p t l h i c e a t r i e o s n p . o F n u s r i t b h i e l i r t my o o f r e t h , t e h e e n t d e - s u t s m e r e . t F h I o N d A s T a c n a d n n a o s s t o b c e i a h t e e d l d i n l i a f o b r l me a f o t i r o a n n d y o l o n s o s , t d i n a m t h a e g m e s o e r l v i n e s j u i r m y p r e l y s u a l n t i y n g specification of performance relating to the materials under test.
p20arthredinahnedre2n0tlypagrotos dyelilglohwt .faTshtinensesdobf ythaefaucntmorixoefd
r e e x d p o e s x e h d i b t i o t s l i a g h s i t g , n t h i fi e c a o n r a t l n y g p e o q o u r e i c r k l l i y g h b t e f c a o s mt n e e s s s y . e Wl l o h w e . n )
In lightened colours (mixed with white or extended wl i g i h t h t f p a a s s t n t e e s s ) s t h i s e c p o i r g r e m s e p n o t n c d o i n n g c l e y n l t o r a w t e i o r . n F i o s r l o p wa s e t r e ; l t h e
shades of adequate light fastness only printing inks of f n a o s r t mn e a s l l s y c b a e t e u g s o e r d i e . s B W S 6 t o B W S 8 s h o u l d t h e r e f o r e
Weak ink deposit / screens: the light fastness of inks
ofi l f m c a s t o e r g o i n r i s e c s r e B e W n S s 7 i s a s n c a d r c B e W l y S r e 8 d p u r c i n e t d e . d B i y n c t o h n i n t r n a e s r t , i n w k i t h d o e f c c r a e t a e s g i o n r g y i B n Wk fi S l m 5 o t h r i l c o k w n e e r s s d e t h c e l i n l i e g s h n t o f a t s i c t e n a e b s s l y o . S f c i n r e k e s n dots fade more rapidly than solids.
The effect of daylight fluorescent prints is so intensive b u l e t c r a a v u i s o e l e t t h s e p y e r c e t fl r u e mc t a a s p v a i r s t i b o l f e t l h i g e h l t i g . B h t u f t r i o t m i s t t h h e i s
v t h e e r y e c ff o e n c v t e o r f s i l o i g n h c t ; a i p t a i s b i d l i e t y s t t r h o a y t e d s u b ff y e r t h s e s t U r o V n r g a l y y s f . r o O mn
e o x n p l y o f s o u r r e a t s o h o l i g r t h t t i mt h e e . fl D u a o y r l i e g s h c t e fl n u t o p r o e w s c e e r n i s t i s n u k s s t a n i o n r e m d a l l y have a light fastness of BWS 1 to BWS 2.
Mr e a l a n t u e f o a c n t l u y r t e o r s t h d e a t r a e : s i T s h t a e n l c i g e h t t o f a i n s t c n i d e e s n s t d l a i g t a h t a , l w w i a t h y s o u t
t t ha k e i n e g ff e i n c t t o s o a f c c t h o e u n w t e o a t t h h e e r r . i n M fl o u r e e n o c v i ne r g , f t a h c e t o p r r s i n s t u i n c g h i a n s k
mu n a m n u i x f e a d c t , u n r o e n r ’ - s e w x t a e r n r a d n e t d y i c n o k v p e r r s i n o t e n d l y a t s h e a f s a o s l t i d n e t o s s n e o f a t n h d e oi n n p a r a wc t h i ci t e e . s u b s t r a t e i n a fi l m t h i c k n e s s c o m m o n l y u s e d
T b h e e y o r n e d q u t h i r o e s m e e o n n t s l i o g n h t r e f a s s i s t n t a e n s c s e . T t h o e t h r e e s wi s e t a a n t h c e e r t o g o t h e w m e e a a t s h u e r r e d ( f r a e c q c u o e r d n i t n l y g c t o o n D f u I N s e 5 d 4 w0 7 i t 1 h . l Wi g e h a t t f h a e s r t - n r e e s s s i s ) t i a s n t
i r n e k s i s s t a a r n e t f u t o l l y m e o x i p s t o u s r e e d , fl t o u c t t h u e a t w i o e n a s t h i n e r a a i r n t d e mh a p v e e r a t o t u b r e e a p r e n o s d l i l s u h t t a u a n n m t t i s b d . i i n I t n y d e a a r d n r d d e i t s t i o i o n n t s h t a e o r e i l n i g a fl l h u s t o e - f n a r c e s e q t u p o i i f r g e c md e r . e t A n a p t i n s p , r a wo i r p e a r i t a h t e e r - overvarnishing provides additional protection.
7 58
75 76
test conditions
Sample A is kept as reference for further testing.
Sample B and C are exposed to accelerating aging at 60oC during 2 weeks.
Samples B can be tested either :
• under light pressure from a carton board which will
ensure that the sample remains flat after test,
• or under a pressure of about 70 g/cm2 which would
simulate roll pressure during storage.
S a a c ma r p d l b e o C a r w d i l t l o b e e n a s g u e r e d , i t a wn d i l l k r e e p m t a u i n n d fl e a r t l i ( g s h e t e p s r a e ms s p u l r e e s u B n ) . d e r Ar e b q o u v i er e t mi me en t a s n. d t e m p e r a t u r e c a n b e a d j u s t e d t o fi t s p e c i a l
Aged samples:
Measure whiteness index (according to ASTM E 313) in
t p h r e e p ma r i de d d l . e o f e a c h o f t h e t h r e e s a m p l e s w h i c h h a v e b e e n
test equipment (manufacturers)
59
77
Method
FTM1 FTM2 FTM3 FTM4 FTM5 FTM6 FTM7 FTM8 FTM9 FTM 10 FTM 11 FTM 12 FTM 13 FTM 14 FTM 15 FTM 16 FTM 17 FTM 18 FTM 19 FTM 20 FTM 21 FTM 22 FTM 23a FTM 23b FTM 24 FTM 25 FTM 26 FTM 27 FTM 28 FTM 29
Description
Peel adhesion (180°) at 300 mm per minute Peel adhesion (90°) at 300 mm per minute Low speed release force
High speed release Force
Accelerated ageing – Extended storage Resistance to ultra-violet light
Silicone Coat Weight by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
Resistance to shear from a standard surface Loop’ tack measurement
Quality of silicone coated substrates for self-adhesive laminates: release force
Quality of silicone coated substrates for self-adhesive laminates: subsequent adhesion Adhesive coat weight
Low temperature adhesion
Dimensional stability
Surface tension of plastic films
Chemical resistance – Spot method Chemical resistance – Immersion method Dynamic shear
Recycling compatibility of self-adhesive labels Fluorescence and whiteness
Ink adhesion - basic
Ink adhesion - advanced
Testing for die-strike on paper
Testing for die-strike on clear filmic liners Mandrel hold
Evaluation of the silicone coverage of coated papers by use of a water based stain test Wash-off paper and film labels
Ink rub test for UV printed labels ink surface against substrate or ink surface
Evaluation of bleeding through paper Scratch resistance of an UV ink film on different print materials
Construction
Face stock Face stock Laminate Laminate Laminate Laminate Liner
Face stock Face stock Liner Liner
Face stock Face stock Face stock Face stock Face stock Face stock Face stock Face stock Face stock Face stock Face stock Laminate Laminate Face stock Liner
Face stock Laminate Face stock Face stock
Test relevant to
Adhesion 8
62 6 63 5
66 68 69 70 71 72 74
76 76 76 88 95
FINAT TECHNICAL HANDBOOK
9TH EDITION
FINAT TECHNICAL HANDBOOK
Globally acknowledged as the authoritative benchmark on test procedures for self-adhesive labels. Provides details of test procedures for 29 different test methods.
New in this edition:
• FTM 28 - bleeding through paper
• FTM 29 - scratch resistance of an UV ink film on
different print materials,
• Section 2.10 - light fastness of printing ink
Easier to understand through the addition of coloured pictures and graphic illustrations!
Prices hardcopy:
e 35 : FINAT members
e 55 : Non-FINAT members
Order 5 or more and get a 10% discount
PDF: free of charge for FINAT members only
Contents
FTM28
scope
T o h f i t s h e p r mo c i g e r d a u t i r o e n d o e f s c a r i l b a e b s e l t h a e d h s e p s e i c v t e r o t h m r o e u t r g i c h a t s h s e e s p s a m p e e r n t substrate at elevated temperature.
test equipment
Ventilated ovens.
Paper cutter.
S p u o b l y s e t s r a t e t e r : fi L l ma b . e l p a p e r , r e l e a s e l i n e r a s a p p r o p r i a t e , a n d
Reflectance Spectrophotometer Example: Hunterlab Ultrascan XE.
test pieces
These should be strips from representative samples of label mrelaetaesriealp. a(ep.egr.)of the 3 layers: label paper, adhesive and
For each sample being evaluated, and for each temperature at which the test will be done, prepare 3 strips of samples of about 5 cm x 20 cm, cut in the machine coated direction. Prepare following samples:
evaluation of bleeding through paper
procedure
A • ge Pinlagc:e the strip (sample B) to be tested in oven, by
p p i o l i l n y e g s u t e p r t fi h l e m s s t r b i p e s t w o e f e s n a mt h p e l e s s a o m n p t l e o s p . o f t h e o t h e r w i t h
• Do the same for sample C.
• Take the samples out of the oven after 2 weeks ageing.
Allow to cool to room temperature.
Testing:
Differences between aged samples (B) and references
(A and C) can be observed either visually or measured with a spectrophotometer.
1 - Visual comparison:
The aged samples are compared to reference A, to detect
a T hn e y b s a l e m e d p l e t h s r o a r u e g e h i . t h e r r a n k e d o n b l e e d t h r o u g h characteristics or on their non acceptance if any bleeding occurs.
2 - Use of a spectrophotometer
Reference sample:
FTM29
scope
This test method describes how to test the scratch resistance of a UV ink film applied to different printed surfaces.
For this test to give reliable results it is important that the ink has been cured to a sufficient level, and this can be checked in advance using FTM. 2, or as a quick check a thumb smear test can be used.
This test method is also suitable for water based and solvent based inks and varnishes, although the original test development has been done with UV inks.
This relatively simple test procedure can be performed by lab personnel of a printing facility or any other who has been instructed in use of the test equipment.
definition
The scratch resistance of an ink is normally dependent on the level of curing of the ink film both at the surface curing and within the bulk of the ink. The scratching of the ink film describes the damage of an ink surface through mechanical means, e.g. by the edge of a metallic spatula.
test equipment
Elcometer 3092 Sclerometer Hardness Tester (referred to as a „Sclerometer“).
The Sclerometer is provided with three springs which operate at different levels of force:
scratch resistance of an uv ink film on different print materials
Picture 2: Tip of the Tungsten Carbide Tool
specimen
The printed labels should be fresh from the press. The
test can be performed directly after printing or after 24 h storage.
Non printed label material should also be tested to confirm that the unprinted surface is not being damaged by too high a spring force, rather than the ink layer itself being the point of failure. This will avoid confusing a failure of the printing with a failure of the label material being printed.
conditions
Temperature 23° ±-2° C / 70 - 77° F ±- ; Humidity: 50% RH ±- 5% RH.
preparation and procedure
Preparation of print sample
1. Remove one label from the master reel.
2. Put it on a hard surface. A polished steel plate is
prefered. The surface should be free of any scratches/ marks. If necessary fix the sample in place with adhesive tape avoiding any wrinkles.
Preparation of Sclerometer
Loosen the knurled screw and slide of the collar off the Sclerometer. Select the appropriate spring and insert into the Sclerometer. Always choose the natural sprint as the weakest to begin. Refit the collar. Find the scale on the Sclerometer which matches the colour of the spring and adjust the tip force by sliding the collar to the required setting on the scale. Tighten the knurled screw.
Procedure
section 1 | finat test methods
section 2 | guidelines
2.1 Recommended joins in self-adhesive laminates for roll labels
2 2.2 3 P Surorfcaecsessinrgeqreuciroinmgmceaundtioatnions
2.4 Safety guide for users of self-adhesive label stock products
2.5 Handling and storage of label stock throughout printing and converting 2.6 Qualitative Adhesion testing
2.7 Adhesives
Nomenclature for adhesives used in self-adhesive laminates 2.8 Unwind roll chart
2.9 Recommendations regarding static electricity
2.10 Advices about light fastness of printing inks and light exposition
section 3 | test equipment 3.1 Standard FINAT Test Roller
3.2 Automatic Rolling Device
3.3 Sources of Test Equipment
3.4 Testing institutes
3.5 tesa® test tapes product information and worldwide addresses
results
Calculate the average for each set of 3 readouts.
A A v v e e r r a a g g e e w w h h i t i e t e n n e e s s s s i n i d n e d x e o x f o t h f e r e a f e g e r e d n c c o e a t s e a d m s p a l me p A l e = s B W = I ( A W ) I ( B ) Average whiteness index of reference sample C = WI(C) The bleed through resistance BTR (%) is measured as:
The smaller the drop, the lower the degree of bleed through and the better the quality of the label.
notes
Detailed information on how to use the Hunterlab Ultrascan XE spectrophotometer are provided in the Hunterlab operating manual.
The following internet site: http://www.hunterlab.com/manuals/appendixa2_5.pdf
i d s i ff p e r o r e v n i d c i e n g s c e a x l e p s l a , n i n a d t i i o c ne s s , o a n n d t h p e r o v a c e r i d o u u r s e c s o a l o v a r i s l a c b a l l e e s f , o c r o l o r display in the data views of Universal Software used by the Hunterlab equipment.
Universal Software performs integration of reflectance/
t t r r a i s n t i s m m u i t l u t a s n X c , e Y v , a a l n u d e s Z o v v a e l u r e t h s e . T v h i s e i b A l e S T s M p e 3 c 0 t r 8 u mi s p t o r o a v r i r d i v i n e g a t more information on how to calculate the tristimulus values.
Issued March 2012
2.10 advices about light fastness of printing inks and light exposition
3
section
light fastness
O t h v e e Ur t V i m r a e d , i p a r t i i o n n t s o t h f a p t i g a mr e e e n x t s p o a s n e d d d t y o e l s i g h h a t s w a i l d l e f a c d o e m b p e o c s a i n u g s e e p ff r o e c c e t . s s T h i s e t r e e r s m i s e t a d n “ c l i e g h t o t f t a h s i s t n d e e s c s o ” . l o I n r a a t c i o c n o r o d r a c n o c l e o uw r i t c h h a I S n O g e 2 ( = 8 3 p 5 o o ( D r ) I N t o 1 B 6 W5 2 S 5 8 ) i ( t = i s o c u l t a s s t s a i n fi d e d i n g n ) u . m e r i c a l l y f r o m B W S 1
( s B t a W n d S a s r t d a i n z e d d s f i o n r c r “ e B m l u e e n Wt a o t i o o l n s wc a a l e s ” a ; o t e r i s g t i i n n a g l l i y n , s t t h r u e m e n t o f t 2 h 8 e 3 5 t e i x s t i t l e e s i t n e d d u ws t i r t y h . ) a T d h a e y l l i i g g h h t t - f s a i s m t n u e l a s t s i n a g c c x o e r n d o i n n g l a t o m I p S . O
I i s n t t a h k i s e n t e i s n t t o o n a l c y c t o h u e n i t n . fl O u t e h n e c r e i n o fl f u d e i n r e c c i n t g e x f a p c o t s o u r s r e s ut o c h l i g a h s t fl r e u mc t a u i a n t i u o n n a s c i c n o u t e n mt e p d e f r o a t r . u r e a n d h u m i d i t y ( w e a t h e r ! )
F f o o r r t a h e s h l i o g r h t - t l i f v a e s dt n a e d s s v e t r o t i bs i e n g p a b r r t o i c c u h l ua r r el y i ht i i g s h n ; o a t s n t e a c n e d s a s r a d r y panigdmceonmtmcaenrcbiaelupsreindt.wForrkprtihnetelrigshotffmasatngaezsisnBeWs,Sbo4o(k=s
r a a u t t h o e mr o g o b o i l e d ) s t i s i c n k e o r r s m o a r l l o y u a t d s e i d q e u s a i t g e n . s B a y r c e o e n x t p r a e s c t t , e i nd k n s o o t f t o f h a i d g h e a l i g s h q t u f i a c s k t l n y , e ws s h . i c h r e q u i r e s t h e u s e o f p i g m e n t s w i t h
H e q i g u h i v l a i g l e h n t f t a l s o t w n e e s r s l i p g h i g t mf a e s t n n t e s s a s r e e q u u s i u v a a l l l e y n m t s o a r e n d c o m s a t l y y d t h i ff a e n r i n colour shade.
T i s h d e e a p c e t n u d a l e t n i mt o e n d t u h r e i n a g c c w u h m i c u h l a t t h e e d i n i n k c i o d f e a n t p l r i i g n h t t i s r a r d e i s a i s t i t o a n n , t w w hi t i h c h g e h o o g w r a e p v h e i r c , a a s l t i i s t u k d n e o . w n , v a r i e s w i t h s e a s o n , b u t a l s o
T a h p p e r t o a x b i ml e a b t e e l o i n w d i o c a f t t i h o e n B ( wW i S t h i o n u c r t e g m u e a n r a t n a t t e i o e n ) s o h f o t h w e s d a u n r a t i o n o u n f d r e e s r i s C t e a n n c t r e a l o E f u t h r o e p i e n a k n o d n a d y i l r i g e h c t t e c o x p n o d s i t u i o r e n s t o I S t Oh e 2 s 8 u 3 n 5 ( D I N 16525).
section
L i g h t F a s t n e s s
L i f e t o i m f e d a n y u s m b e r
S u m mo f e d r a n y u s m b e r
81,83,879 9 7 8 80 6 8 80 0 86 8 2 , 8 8 6 6 tdeynsailme,icadcohheseisoionntesters 80,84,870
BWS 1 (very low)
BWS 2 (low)
BWS 3
(moderate) 20 10 BWS 4 (rather 40
5 10
2,5 5
•
•
•
•
•
Spe D c i i a fi mc a e t t i e o r n o s f r o l l :
R W o i d l l t c h o o v e f r r : o r l l u : b b e r t o h a r d n e s s s c a l e Weight of roller:
R 9 2 o l l – e r 9 s 8 m m a md e d t i o a m t h e e t e e r a r a l r i e e r s s t p i l l e a c c i fi c c e a p t t i a o b n l s e .
m m 8 5 ± 2 . 5
S m h mo r e 5 0 A ± 8 0 1 ± 5 kg 2 ± 0.05
• natural:
• Red:
• Blue:
0 – 3 N (0 lbf to 0.67 lbf) 0 – 10 N (0 lbf to 2.2 lbf) 0 – 20 N (0 lbf to 4.5 lbf)
20
good
B B W W S S 56 ( ( v g e o r o y d ) 8 0
good 160 80
B( e Wx c S e 7l l e n t ) 3 5 0 1 7 5
BWS 8
(outstanding) 700 350 remark
Quoted light fastness of the ink supplier will normally be
i d n e d n i c s a i t t y i , v s e u o b f s a t r a s t t e a n e d t c a ) r , d a p n r d i n s t t i a n n g d c a o r n d d t i e t i s o t n c o ( fi n l d m i t i wo n e / i g h t ,
e i s x c p o o n s c u e r e r n s e c d e n t o a r a i o 1 . 0 A 0 s %w e f u l l l l a s b o o l v i d e p l i r s i t n e t d . l e v e l a n d d u r a t i o n The actual printed labels shall be tested at a certified
l t a e b s t o i n r a g t o e r q y u o i p r mb y e n t h t e a v i n a k i l a s b u l p e p t l o i e d r e i f t e h r e m h i n a s e t t h h e e a a p c p t u r o a l p l r i i g a h t e t
f t ah s e t n q e u s o s t e o d f t v h a e l u p e r . i n t e d l a b e l w h i c h m i g h t b e d i ff e r e n t f r o m P c o r i n n c t e s r h n a e v d e t t o o fi b l me m w a e d i g e h u t , n d d e e n r s s i o t y - c a a n l l d e d s u s b t a s n t r d a a t e r d a c p o p n l i d c i a t b i o l e n s to the required print job.
F i mo r p t o h r e t a p n r t i : n t e r , i n p a r t i c u l a r t h e f o l l o w i n g p o i n t s a r e
•
•
vh i i sg cho smp e e t e e dr s r , e t l e e na s s i el e t et es st et er r s c h o u l mo u i d r i mt y e t a e s s u t e r e r m e n t
For each spring a different scale is engraved on the shank of the Sclerometer matched to the colour of the spring.
The tip of the Scleromteter consists of a tool with a 0,75 mm (0,03“) diameter tungsten carbide tip. This is moved over the specimen with different preset spring force.
Picture 1: Elcometer 3092 Sclerometer Hardness Tester
I f n a s t t h n e e s c s a s i s e d o e f c mi s i i v x e e d b e i n c k a s u t s h e e i t i n g k o v w e i r t n h s t h t h e e l o e wa r e l i s e t s l t i g t i h m t e of fade-out.
MA s i x a e d r e i s n u k l t s o a f r e t h f e r e mq u i x e i n n t g l y a mn i i n x e k d c o i n u l v d e r b y e d v i e ff r e y r e i n n t t e r n a s t i i o v e s . l y t e h x i a n m n e p d l e , , t h a e c r e e r b t a y i n l o s o i r n a g n g i t e s c o o r i u g l i d n a b l e l i g c o h mt f p a s r i t s n e e d s s o . f ( 1 F o r
Company
Adhesive Technical Services Ltd.
A A AtmrlcaoesteMckaGtemribabHlHtesting Technology BrRoKoIknfifisetlrdumEVneigsncitnosemIenerditnieagrsLaboratories Vertriebs GmbH B CühreomMinasytruments
DElactoamcoeltoerr
Country
United Kingdom
G G UKer,mUaSnAy UGInnedriitmaedanKyi,nIgndoiam, USA G USerAmany
SBweligtizuemrla,nFdrance, Germany Japan, Netherlands
Test equipment Page
adhesion 84 a r tedxahtdeilyesimotenasdtiengtemstaflcuhiidnses 84,879 9 6 viscometers 79,82,8642 standard test rollers
t i anedknhsreiulsebio, tdney,snpteaermelicteshterar, vbiasrccomdetrerasdability tester
t t heansrtdsitnlaepstess,stsecrsatch resistance hX-urmiteideitqyutiepsmternt to FTM 22 tensile testers
78,81,83,87 5
871 85,85 7 3
81,8738,817 81
Adhesion Delamination Matrix stripping Ageing
Ageing Coating quality Adhesion Adhesion Dispensing Silicone cure Coating quality Adhesion Stability Printing Stability Stability Adhesion Recycling Printing Printing Printing Dispensing Dispensing Adhesion Coating quality Adhesives Printing Printing Printing
10 12 13 15 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 29 31 33 35 36 38 40 41 43 45 46 48 50 52 55 56 58 60
2. Move the Sclerometer to produce a linear scratch of approximately 20 mm in length
3. Inspect the tested surface of the sample for any sign of damage.
Level 3: Ink film is scratched off; surface of printing material is visible
remarks
There will nearly always be some slight distortion of the ink surface depending on the selected spring force, even if the curing of the ink is excellent (level 1 on the scale), but the ink film should not be so scratched that the printing material surface becomes visible (see image 3 on page 4). The target should always be to achieve a “Level 1” result.
The wide range of printing materials and printing inks available in the market means that it is not possible to specify a single spring force that can be applied for all testing. This has to be evaluated for each print sample individually. The target should be to identify the highest possible spring force at which a “level 1” result can still be achieved for that print material and then use this is as a minimum for the final printed product using that material.
The advantage of this method is the simplicity with which it can be used to reproduce the same level of scratch resistance for repeated print jobs with the same materials or jobs using similar materials.
Different self adhesive materials have different softness. This leads to a different deformation of substrate and ink and substrate together. The softer a material is, the easier
it might be damaged/scratched. This means that the same ink on a harder substrate can be tested with a higher spring force than on a softer material.
silicone and wax in printing inks
Silicone and waxes inside the ink intend to migrate to
the surface after curing. Waxes also have the function of increasing scratch resistance. These migratory materials can be pushed aside with increasing spring force, but these inks can still be tested by this method.
combination printing
Where ink is applied in several layers using different printing techniques on the same line, it is important to
m m a e t a e s r u i a r e l . e T a h c i s h d i n o k e s l a n y o e t r ms e e p a a n r a h t e o l w y e d v i r e e r c t t h l y a t o o n v t e h r e p r p i n r i t n i n t i g n g i n k layers are not also tested, as it is important to understand adhesion between different ink layers. This is especially the case if printed using different print processes. The skilled knowledge of the ink supplier is then important.
Issued September 2013
4 0
3.2 automatic rolling device
T s p h e e e F d I N. T A h T e a n u u t o m m b a e t r i c o r f o r l o l e l l r m u n o i v t e e m n e s u n r t e s s c a c o n r b r e e c s t e g t u a i d t a b n e c t e w o e f e n t h 1 e a c o n n d t 9 a c b t y r o a l l s a e n l e d c t e o l e r c s t w r o i t n c i h c . a T d h j u e s r t o m l l e c n a t n o e f a t s h i e l y r b o e l l i n t a g k e n from its mounting. Rolls to other standards can also be used. The roll can also be safely lifted from the substrate in the end position.
830 8 8 78 4 0 84 8 2 , 84 845 79,875 80 85 87
r peleal saendanadhtensisoilne testers
c teoslot upranmeelsasurement
taFceolbuxlrotaiurlseirostmncee,santctiocnheagt,inshgirtlheisctkaniness, 83,8785,871
s pheeal ratnedstrerlse,ahsieghteasntedrslo, awutsopmeeadtic
r X o - r l l a d y o s wp e n c mt o a m c e h t i e n r e s 8 8 2 1 t t ceonslotsritlaiemp/ceostrmicperqeussipiomneenqtuipment 81 1 5
Sample A: S a m p l e B : Sample C:
label laminate
( l a f a b c e e l l p a a m p i e n r a ±t e a d h e s i v e ± r e l e a s e p a p e r ) non coated face paper
• •
•
Place the center of sample A or C at the reflectance pSeotrtt,hweisthpethcterolapbheoltopmapetrefraacsinfgoltlhoewtsr:ansmittance port.
• Scale: CIELAB
• Illuminant: C
• Observer: 2°
• ASereleacvteiedwI:nLdaicreges: WI E313-98
Measure whiteness index (according to ASTM E 313) in the middle of each of the three samples which have been prepared.
If the ink surface is not damaged set the spring compression to the next required force position and repeat steps 1 – 3.
Once a scratch becomes visible it should be examined using a magnifying glass, to determine whether there has only been a deformation on the ink surface or whether
the ink has been scratched away from the surface. If it
is confirmed that the ink has been scratched from the surface then it is important to identify whether it is only the upper layers of ink that have been removed (indicating cohesive failure within the ink), or whether the ink has been removed down to the printing material. Both the level of curing of the ink and the spring force used for
the Sclerometer will have an impact on this result. This investigation is important to create comparable test results.
results
Picture 3: Distorted ink surface alongside scratched ink surface
Picture 4: Substrate in comparison: the surface is distorted above the blue line
The scratch appearance as described in the “procedure” leads to the following rating scale:
Level 1: distorted surface; no ink scratched off; only the ink surface distorted
Level 2: Scratched ink surface; ink has been removed from surface but surface of printing material is not visible
3Pe.r1formsatnacenredquairermdenftsifnorathtis teestsrtoller oarelltheatrit applies a standard pressure irrespective of the variation in hand pressure on the handle.
CEroicmhpseanyGmbH & Co KG
F GrraentkagPMTIaGcmbebtHh AG (see X-rite)
H HaecraheLuasnNgoebGlemlibghHt Fusion UV Inc
HDer.rHmöanlne KAGlem(EmurtoMpeasns-huenadqPurüafrttecrhs)nik GbR HuönlterUAVssAomcieartiecsa,LIanbco. ratory Inc.
IGmTasTsesInticng Systems
IKnisffteroEngineering GmbH
KoönttiecrammaninnoGltamSbeHns&inCgoe. uKrGope B.V.
L L LlaobeytduhsiMnGkamtIenbrsihtarlusmTesnttinsgCo. Ltd.
Lorentzen & Wettre Gmbh
M.C. TEC B.V.
MectomrexsiIntLetrdn.ational oy (see Oxford Instruments) MOxTfSorSdysIntesmtrusments
Pausch Messtechnik
Pearson Panke Equipment Ltd. PhirlilonastreTcoehnchToneoclhlsong&oielTosegcSyhun(rhfoaelcoaegdyTqruearttmeresn) t
RK PrintCoat Instruments Ltd.
R Romchaoclol GPmhabrHmatechnik GmbH (See Laetus)
S S S h i D c e L k e A V n e t l I r a n t s r s i t e r b u s m - G e mn t b s H
Sneep Industries BV
Spectro Analytical Instruments Gmbh
t T SetsacabhlkAeoGMn iGcrmobShystems Ltd.
T TehsetiTnegstMoamcehtirnicesCIonmc pany Ltd.
Theormaos FSiysshtermSeciGenmtibfihc Inc
3 T T Qi Mn Ci u s O l s e n
WX-eRistes Umwelttechnik GmbH
Zwick G+A1:B71mbH & Co. Prüfmaschinen
CGoeurmntarnyy G Germany y
GUSerAmany
G Germany y
USA
NUSeAtherlands, USA Germany, UK, USA SGwerimtzearnlaynd
U C GhneirintmeadanKyingdom Sweden Netherlands, UK UFiniltaendKingdom
FU r na i nt ec ed , KU i Sn Ag d o m Germany United Kingdom
USwSAitzerland
United Kingdom
G Germany
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Germany
G U GneritmedanKyingdom
C UannitaedaK, iGnegrdmoam ny, USA
UGSerAmany
U U NnKeti,thUeedSrlAKanindgsdom
ASwusitzriear,laGnedrm, UaSnAy Germany
Ttensstileq, uaidphmeseinotn testers,
a t ceognelosnriltiemC, ehatdermhicesesuiqoltunainptemtsetenrts
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Page
TechRnolilcearlsdpaetead 3 levels 5, 10, 200 (± 1 %) mm/s
Length of roll area adjustable max 300mm Mains connection 220 V/50 or
110V/60
t t ceonlosuiler ,mttesatres,rupsreeml,eandthesion testers Paper & pulp testing
h c o a l n o d r i mr o e l l t e e r r s s , , r s u p b e t c e t s r o t e p r h s , o t o m e t e r s pX-erealyasnpdecatdohmeesitoenrs
tXea-cnraksyialesnpdtepcsteoermls, efsotpererrcseimleaesnec, utters s choeloaurrtemsetearsu, rheamnednrtollers,
t veisncsoilme etetestres,rsr,ulbootepsteacrsk, UrsetVandcdyuarmirndagdteaesptperlsoictlalfleturiosid,npseel,
Roll Ddiamtaeter: W W e i d i g t h h : t :
HT h a i r c d k n n e e s s s s o o f f r r u u b b b b e e r r s l u a y r f e a r c : e :
Rolls can be supplied to other standards
mm 85 ± 2.5 mk g m 2 5 ± 0 0 ± . 0 1 5
S m h mo r e 6 A ± 8 0 0 . 5 ± 5
8 83 5 8 80 0
3Tes.t3equtipemsetnteisqavuailapbmle einnatwidme varnieuty.fAancumtuber oefrmsanufacturers of such equipment is listed below, where
p s u o b s j s e i b c t l e t o w c i t h h a n a n g e i n . Wd i e c a a t d i o v n i s o e f y t o h u e t t o y p c e o n o s f u t l h t e t i h r e e q w u e i b p s m i t e e n s t o . f P t l e h a e s r e e s n p o e t e c t t i h v e a t m t h a e n u l i f s a t c i t s u f r a e r r s f r f o o m r m c o o mr e p d l e e t t e a i a l s n d a n t d h a u t p i t d a m t e a s y . b e
1.
Place the Sclerometer perpendicular to the surface being tested and apply sufficient downwards force to compress the spring by approx. 2 mm. Do not allow the bottom of the Sclerometer (other than the tip), to touch the surface being tested.
colour measurement scratch resistance
879 6
83 78,79,82
60
61
NEW AND REVISED!
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Test methods
9th Edition
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